Comparative Analysis of Hematological Parameters and Body Mass Index among Diabetic , Hypertensive , and Healthy Individuals in Western Tripoli , Libya

Abstract

Hypertension and diabetes are among the most widespread chronic diseases in Libya, and both are associated with metabolic and hematological alterations measurable through Body Mass Index (BMI) and Complete Blood Count (CBC) parameters. This study aimed to compare BMI values and selected hematological indicators among diabetic patients, hypertensive patients, and healthy individuals in Western Tripoli, Libya, while also examining potential correlations between these variables. A case-control design was applied involving 120 participants, equally distributed by sex and health status. Demographic data were collected via questionnaires, CBC parameters were obtained using an automated hematology analyzer, and BMI was calculated using height and weight measurements. The results demonstrated a significant increase in BMI, platelet count, and white blood cell levels among females with diabetes or hypertension compared to healthy females (p < 0.05), indicating a possible inflammatory state. Conversely, no significant differences were observed among males across groups. These findings highlight gender-specific variations in metabolic and hematological responses to chronic conditions, emphasizing the need for interventions tailored particularly to women. Furthermore, the study provides valuable insights into the progression and burden of chronic diseases in Libya, contributing to future public health planning and preventive strategies.