Geomorphological Study of the Wadi Bayy Al Kabir and vicinities, middle region, Libya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65405/1ng65s33الكلمات المفتاحية:
Morphometric parameters, GIS, Basin, Ordering and Wadi Bayy Al Kabir and Libyaالملخص
The present paper attempts to study the quantitative geomorphological analysis of three main Wadis in the middle part, north of Libya namely; Wadi Zakir, Wadi Bayy and Wadi Zamzam these Wadis drain their water to Mediterranean Sea. A morphometric analysis of the studied basins has been carried out using geoprocessing techniques in GIS. This study aimed to use the Geographic Information Systems technology as an advanced means that provides accurate automated methods in extracting the morphometric characteristics of the studied basins by analyzing the digital elevation model (DEM) and building a geographical database with morphometric variables for the basins.The study showed that the areas of the basins are 7161.6 Km², 67888.9 Km² and 35923.8 Km² for Zakir, Bayy and Zamzam, respectively, which are providing a high runoff volume. The analysis of the basins reflects the following stream orders (6th order for Zakir basin, 9th order for Bayy basin and 8th order for Zamzam basin), and the dominant type of the drainage pattern of stream network in the three studied basins is the dendritic patter, which indicates the homogeneity in texture and lack of structural control. The bifurcation ratio values are (4.90 for Zakir basin, 3.75 for Bayy basin and 4 for Zamzam basin) indicating that the area is not much influenced by geological structures and undisturbed drainage patterns. The relative flood hazard degree shows that Wadi Bayy has highly flood hazard degree than Wadi Zamzam and Wadi Zakir which have moderately hazard degree
التنزيلات
المراجع
Abdel-Mogheeth, S.M., Hammad, F.A. and Abdel-Daiem, A.A., (1985): Hydrogeological remarks on Gharandal Basin, southwest Sinai Peninsula. Desert Inst. Bull., Egypt, 5 (2): 309-329.
Agarwal, C. S. (1998). Study of drainage pattern through aerial data in Naugarh area of Varanasi district, U.P. Jour. Indian Soc. Remote Sensing. Vol. 26, pp 169-175.
Aldharab, H. S., Ali, S. A., Ghareb, S. A., Ikbal, J., and Alhamed, M. (2018). Morphometrical Evaluation of Sub-basins In Al-Arasah Area, Shabwah Province (Yemen), Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques.
Aldharab, H. S., Ali S. A. and Ghareb J. I. (2019). Analysis of Basin Geometry in Ataq Region, Part of Shabwah Yemen: Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Techniques. Bulletin of Pure and Applied Sciences, Vol. 38 F (Geology), No.1, 2019: pp.1-15.
Das, A.K. and Mukhrjee, S. (2005). Drainage morphometry using satellite data and GIS in Raigad district, Maharashtra. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, Vol. 65, pp. 577-586.
Davis, J.C. (1975). Statistics and Data Analysis in Geology. John Willey and Sons, Inc. 1973.
Gangalakunta, P. (2004). Drainage morphometry and its influence on landform characteristics in a basaltic terrain, Central India – a remote sensing and GIS approach. Inter. Jour. Appld. Earth and Geoinformation Vol. 6, pp.1-16.
Gefli, (1973). Groupement D’Etude Francais En libye Siege Social. Survey for the development of the central wadi zone and Gulf of Sirt. 8 rue Jean Goujon 75008 Paris.
Gottschalk, L.C. (1964). Reservoir Sedimentation in Handbook of Applied Hydrology. (New York, Mc. Graw Hill Book Company 1964). Section 7-1.
Goudie, A. (2006). Encyclopedia of Geomorphology. (Vol. I). London and New York: Taylor and Francis e-Library.
Gravelius, H. (1941). Flusskunde. Goschen'sche Verlagshandlung, Berlin. In: Zavoianu I (ed) Morphometry of drainage basins. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Halcrow, (2001). Wadi jaref Irrigation Project- Libya. Appendix D- Finanacial Analysis December 2001. Burderop Park Swindon Wiltshire SN4 0Qb. Halcrow Rural Mangement Limited.
Horton, R. E. (1932). Drainage basin characteristics. Am. Geophysics. Union, Trans. Vol. 13, pp. 348–352.
Horton, R. E. (1941). An approach toward a physical interpretation of infiltration-capacity. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 5(C), pp. 399-417.
Horton, R. E. (1945). Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins: Hydrophysical approach toquantitative morphology. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. Vol. 56: pp.275-370.
IRC, (1985). Geological Map of Libya (Scale 1:1,000,000). Industrial Research Centre (IRC), Geological Researches and Mining Department.
IRC, (2009): Industrial Research Center (2009) Geological map of Libya. Tripoli, Libya.
Kirchner, J., W. (1983). Statistical inevitability of Horton ̍s law and apparent randomness of stream channel network, Geology. Vol. 21. pp. 591-594.
"Libya profile" (2016). Retrieved 23 November 2016.
Melton, M. N. (1957). An analysis of the relations among elements of climates, surface properties and geomorphology. Project NR 389-042 Tech. Report II, Columbia University, Department of Geology, New York, 34p.
Melton, M.A. (1958a). A derivation of Strahler’s Channel-ordering system. Jour. Geol., Vol. 67, pp. 345-346.
Melton, M.A. (1958b). Correlation structure of morphometric properties of drainage system and their controlling agents. Jour. Geol., Vol. 66, pp. 442-460.
Morisawa, M. (1985). Form and process (Geomorphology texts). Harlow, Essex: Longman. P 222.
Mueller, J.E. (1968). An introduction to the hydraulic and topographic sinuosity indexes, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 58, 371-385.
Nag, S. K. (1998). Morphometric analysis using remote sensing techniques in the Chaka sub-basin, Purulia district, West Bengal. Jour. Indian Soc. Remote Sensing (26), Vol. 1, pp. 69-76.
Pakhmode, V., Kulkarni, H., and Deolankar, S.B. (2003). Hydrological drainage analysis in watershed programme planning: A case study from the Deccan basalt, India. Hydrogeology Jour., Springer-Verlag, Vol. 11, pp. 595-604.
Pareta, K. and Pareta, U. (2012). Quantitative Geomorphological Analysis of a Watershed of Ravi River Basin, H.P. India. International Journal of Remote Sensing and GIS, Issue 1, Vol. 1, pp .41-56.
Sadeg, Saleh A., Khalil Ibrahim Al-Samarrai, and Salem Rashrash, (2023). Libya Water Report. Fanack Water. Retrieved November 25, 2023 (https://water.fanack.com/libya/).
Salem, O. (1997). Evaluation of the Water Resources of Libya. GWA, Tripoli. Libya.
Schumm, S. A. (1956). Evolution of drainage systems and slopes in badlands at Perth Amboy, New Jersey”. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. Vol. 67: pp. 597-646.
Sen, Z. (2008). Wadi Hydrology. Istanbul, Turkey: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
Sherief, Y. S. (2008). Flashfloods and their effects on the development in EL-Qaà Plain area in South Sinai, Egypt, a study in applied geomorphology using GIS and remote sensing. PhD thesis in Geography the Department of Chemistry, Pharmacy, Geosciences the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz.
Smart, J., S. (1972). Channel network advances in hydrosciences Vol. 8. pp. 305-346
Smith, K, G. (1958). Erosional processes and landforms in Badlands National Monument, South Dakota. Geological Society of America Bullatin Vol. 69. pp.975-1008.
Strahler, A. N. (1952). Hypsometric analysis of erosional topography. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, Vol. 63, pp. 1117-42.
Strahler, A. N. (1957). Quantitative Analysis of Watershed Geomorphology. American Geophysical Union, 38, 8.
Strahler, A. N., (1968): Quantitative geomorphology. In: Fairbridge, R.W. (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of Geomorphology. Reinhold, New York, pp. 898–912.
Strahler, A. (1953). Revision of Hortons’ Quantitative Factors in Erosional Terrain. Transactions, American Geophysical Union, Vol. 34, pp.345-365.
Strahler, A. (1964). Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basins and channel networks. In: Chow VT (ed) Handbook of applied hydrology. Mc Graw-Hill, New York.
Summerfield, M. A. (2013). Global Geomorphology. New York, USA: Routledge.
Wolman, M.G., and Miller, J.P., (1964): Magnitude and frequency of forces in geomorphic processes, Journal of Geology, Vol. 68, pp. 54-74.
التنزيلات
منشور
إصدار
القسم
الرخصة
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2026 مجلة العلوم الشاملة
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
