الاقتصاد الليبي بين مركزية الدولة ومتطلبات السوق الحر

Abstract

This paper presents an in-depth study of the Libyan economy, focusing on the ongoing debate between the centralization of state control over the economy and the requirements for transitioning to a dynamic free market. The research reviews the historical developments that shaped the structure of the Libyan economy, where prolonged reliance on oil and centralized state management led to the emergence of a rentier economy with limited diversity, restricting the efficiency of the private sector and its capacity for innovation. The paper analyzes the structural, political, and economic challenges hindering the shift to a free market model, such as weak legislative frameworks, political instability, and a lack of income source diversification. Conversely, the study highlights the significant potential offered by natural resources, strategic geographic location, and a youthful workforce to support this transition. The paper concludes that achieving a sustainable free market economy in Libya requires comprehensive reforms at the policy and institutional levels, strengthening the role of the private sector, diversifying the national economy, alongside providing a stable and secure environment to attract investments. Additionally, the paper offers a set of practical recommendations aimed at facilitating and accelerating this process, enabling Libya to move towards a more competitive and sustainable economy.