نموذج مقترح إلدارة السجالت الطبية باستخدام البلوك تشين: دراسة تحليلية

الملخص

Electronic medical records (EMRs) represent a cornerstone of modern healthcare systems; however,
challenges such as data fragmentation in paper and electronic formats, inefficient management,
limited accessibility, and security and privacy concerns remain significant obstacles to building an
integrated health system. This paper proposes a blockchain-based model, specifically utilizing
Hyperledger Fabric, to aggregate patients’ medical records from multiple sources within a unified
and secure framework. The proposed model leverages blockchain features—transparency,
decentralization, and immutability—while granting patients full control over access permissions
through a direct consent mechanism implemented via smart contracts and digital signatures.
Physicians can request access to a patient’s data, which the patient may approve or reject, while
laboratory results are shared through private channels to preserve confidentiality and ensure
regulatory compliance. The system defines distinct roles for hospitals, insurance companies, and the
Ministry of Health in administrative and financial processes without granting direct access to
medical records. A prototype experiment demonstrated the efficiency of the model in enhancing
data protection and achieving transparency, paving the way for broader practical applications. The
paper also highlights challenges related to system performance, integration with existing
infrastructures, and legal considerations, while outlining the expected impact on improving
healthcare quality and enabling secure, real-time access to patients’ medical histories