Regulation of Macrophage Metabolism by Traditional PlantBased Extracts Under High-Glucose and Inflammatory Stress: An in vitro study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65405/.v10i37.521Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, High glucose, Metabolic syndrome, Artemisia afra, Cinnamon verum, Fenugreek., InflammationAbstract
Background: Chronic inflammation associated with diabetes often lead to abnormal lipid
levels and oxidative stress, both of which play a key role in the progression of metabolic
syndrome. Researchers continue to investigate medications aimed at preventing or
managing diabetes-related complications. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of
three herbal extracts by assessing their impact on macrophage oxidative bioactive marker
expression in metabolic disorders and comparing the results with those of conventional
Western medicine. Method: In this study, the following inhibited concentrations were
applied to treat LPS-stimulated inflammation in high-glucose mimic cell cultures: Artemisia
afra (200 µg/ml), Cinnamon verum (250 µg/ml), Fenugreek (2500 µg/ml), and metformin
(200 µg/ml). Results: LPL is significantly overexpressed, while SOD-2 activity is
suppressed in the presence of high glucose, both with and without stimulation by LPSactivated macrophage cells. A. afra and C. verum extracts promoted cell growth under high
glucose conditions more effectively than Fenugreek and metformin. Cinnamon verum
significantly enhances the antioxidant enzyme SOD-2 and effectively downregulates the
LPL enzyme under high glucose conditions, both in the presence and absence of stimulation.
Compared to Artemisia afra, fenugreek, or metformin. In conclusion: These herbs help
regulate metabolic markers in diabetic patients may help prevent diabetes progression, treat
atherosclerosis, and manage chronic inflammation while supporting glucose control. Future
investigations are essential to identify and understand the bioactive molecules in these herbal
therapies involved in this protocol.
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