Assessing the Current State of Water Resources and Future Drinking Water Needs in Zawiya City Using the DPSIR Model

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the current status of water resources and the future drinking water requirements of Zawiya City in light of increasing population growth and heavy dependence on groundwater, using the DPSIR model, which examines driving forces, pressures, state, impacts, and responses. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and relied on population data, water reports, previous studies, and mathematical equations to estimate population growth and future water demand. The results revealed a clear gap between available water supplies and actual demand, accompanied by groundwater quality deterioration and declining water levels due to overexploitation and seawater intrusion. The study also projected that annual water requirements would increase to approximately 25.45 million cubic meters by 2033. It recommended constructing a desalination plant, completing the Great Man-Made River supply lines, upgrading water distribution networks, limiting unauthorized well drilling, and adopting integrated water resources management.