Climate Water Balance and Its Impact on Field Crops in Western Libya

Abstract

This research aims to examine the climatic balance and its impact on field crops in western Libya by analyzing the effects of climatic elements and extremes on agricultural activity and crop productivity. The study focuses on the impact of temperature, rainfall, wind, and relative humidity, as well as associated extreme weather phenomena—specifically drought, dust storms, and rainfall variability. It also addresses the implications of these conditions for crop water requirements, agricultural production, and groundwater resources.

The study reveals that fluctuations in climatic elements, rising temperatures, irregular and declining rainfall, and recurrent droughts affect crop growth and productivity. These factors lead to increased rates of evapotranspiration and higher water requirements, thereby placing greater pressure on groundwater sources, particularly in agricultural areas. Furthermore, winds, dust storms, and extreme weather conditions contribute to crop and soil damage and increase the likelihood of the spread of agricultural pests and diseases. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of enhancing agricultural adaptation to climate change through the rationalization of water use, the selection of crop varieties suited to arid conditions, the development of monitoring and early warning systems, and support for agricultural extension and scientific research. Such measures help mitigate the negative impacts of climatic extremes and improve the sustainability of agricultural production and food security in western Libya.