Red Cell Distribution Width as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Diabetes Miletus: A Case-Control Study from Tarhuna Cit, Libya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65405/mxe50030الكلمات المفتاحية:
Red Cell Distribution Width, Diabetes Mellitus, HbA1c, Fasting Blood Glucose, Tarhuna, Biomarker, Case–Control Study.الملخص
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia that leads to serious vascular and systemic complications. The red cell distribution width (RDW), a routinely measured hematological index reflecting erythrocyte size variability, has recently been proposed as a potential biomarker for metabolic and inflammatory disorders, including diabetes. This case–control study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of RDW among diabetic and non-diabetic individuals in Tarhuna City, Libya. A total of 160 participants (80 diabetics and 80 non-diabetics) were enrolled, and their demographic, biochemical, and hematological data—including fasting blood glucose (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and RDW indices (RDW-SD and RDW-CV)—were analyzed using SPSS version 23. While diabetic patients exhibited significantly higher mean values of FBS, HbA1c, triglycerides, and platelet counts (p < 0.05), no significant differences were observed in RDW-SD (41.78 ± 3.78 vs. 41.72 ± 4.06, p = 0.915) or RDW-CV (13.52 ± 1.80 vs. 14.11 ± 2.68, p = 0.108) between diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Correlation and regression analyses revealed no significant association between RDW and glycemic parameters, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated limited diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.509 for RDW-SD and 0.576 for RDW-CV). These findings indicate that RDW is not significantly associated with diabetes mellitus and lacks sufficient sensitivity or specificity as a diagnostic biomarker. Larger, multi-centered studies incorporating additional inflammatory and metabolic indicators are warranted to further explore the potential role of RDW in diabetes risk assessment and disease monitoring.
التنزيلات
المراجع
1. American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2020.
2. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019.
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National diabetes statistics report. Diabetes Care. 2020.
4. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2014.
5. Kaur S, et al. Role of RDW in the diagnosis of various diseases. J Clin Lab Anal. 2018;32(4): e22378.
6. Patel KV, et al. red cell distribution width and mortality in older adults. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(15):1293–9.
7. Ghosh S, et al. Association of red cell distribution width with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev. 2019;13(1):707–12.
8. Wang Y, et al. The relationship between red blood cell distribution width and diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Res. 2020; 2020:1-8.
9. Lippi G, et al. red blood cell distribution width: A novel prognostic marker in cardiovascular disease. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2014;52(8):1103–8.
10. McKenzie SB. Clinical laboratory hematology. Pearson Education; 2010.57.
11. Zhan X, et al. Association between red cell distribution width and diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2016;10(1): S82–9.
12. Semba RD, et al. Red cell distribution width and mortality in older adults. J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci. 2010;65(3):258–65.
13. Bessman JD, et al. Red cell distribution width: A review. Clin Lab Med. 2010;30(2):323–30.
14. Kuo CH, et al. Chronic disease and RDW. Clin Lab. 2018;64(3):313–20.
15. Kahn SS, et al. The importance of anaemia in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(12):2948–52.
16. Yamagishi S, et al. Oxidative stress and diabetes. J Diabetes Res. 2015; 2015:1–9.
17. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(Suppl 1): S1–S212.
18. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Comprehensive diabetes management. AACE Guidelines. 2019.
19. Looker AC, et al. Anaemia in adults in the U.S.: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;66(3):687–93.
20. Weiss G, et al. Inflammation and anemia. Blood. 2005;105(4):1739–44.
21. O’Neill S, et al. Smoking and red cell distribution width. J Clin Pathol. 2014;67(2):107–12.
22. Patel KV, et al. Age-related differences in red cell distribution width. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2012;67(1):54–60.
23. Shirali S, et al. Red cell distribution width as a prognostic marker in diabetes: A pilot cross-sectional study. J Neuropharmacol. 2019;8(1):45–52.
24. Veeranna V, et al. The association of red cell distribution width with glycated hemoglobin among healthy adults without diabetes mellitus. Cardiology. 2012;122(3):129–32.
25. Nada A. Red cell distribution width in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes Targets Ther. 2015; 8:1–7.
26. Engström G, et al. Red cell distribution width, hemoglobin A1c and incidence of diabetes mellitus. J Intern Med. 2014;276(2):174–83.
27. Devakoti V, Rao U. A comparative study of red cell distribution width in type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics and correlation with HbA1c values. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;9(10):1–8.
28. Hassan AA, et al. Red cell distribution width and prediabetes in adults in Northern Sudan: a case–control study. Hematol Rep. 2023;15(4):651–661. doi:10.3390/hematolrep15040066
التنزيلات
منشور
إصدار
القسم
الرخصة
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2025 مجلة العلوم الشاملة
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
